Aside from making hardwood floors more resistant to scratches and spills, refinishing them can also enhance the value of your home.Â
Whether you’re dealing with scratches, dents, or just a lackluster finish, understanding when and how to refinish hardwood floors will ensure that your living space continues to shine with warmth and sophistication.
Signs That It’s Time to Refinish Hardwood Floors
Visible Scratches
Scratches and dents are common in areas with high traffic or under heavy furniture. Over time, these marks accumulate, making your floors look worn out.
If you notice significant scratches or dings, especially those that penetrate the stain and reach the wood, it’s a clear sign your floors need refinishing.
Fading or Discoloration
Sunlight can fade hardwood floors over time, leading to uneven colors across your room. Water damage may also cause dark staining or discoloration. When parts of your floor start looking different from others, consider a refinish to restore uniformity.
Splinters or Rough Surface
A rough surface or splinters underfoot mean the finish has worn away, leaving wood exposed. This not only looks unsightly but can be a safety hazard.
Water Damage
Signs of water damage include warping, stains, or even mold growth on your floors. Excess moisture can cause irreversible damage if not addressed immediately. Refinishing can correct minor issues before they turn into costly repairs.
Staining and Scuffs
Areas that no longer clean up well or have developed dark stains and scuffs from shoes, spills, or pet accidents indicate the protective finish is failing.
Loss of Finish Sheen
Floors that have lost their sheen and look dull even after cleaning likely need a new finish. A fresh coat will bring back the luster and protect the wood underneath.
How Often Should Hardwood Floors Be Refinished?
Every 7 to Years
Generally, hardwood floors should be refinished every 7 to 10 years. This timeframe depends on the type of wood and how much foot traffic your floors see. For example, this timeline is applicable for an average oak floor, but softer woods may need more frequent care.
Areas with less foot traffic can go longer between refinishing sessions. These areas might not show signs of wear as quickly as high-traffic zones. You can extend the refinishing schedule beyond the typical 7 to 10 years.
What to Consider Before Refinishing
Floor Thickness
Solid hardwood floors offer a strong platform that can endure multiple refinishes over its lifetime. They’re thick enough to handle being sanded down and given a new life several times.Â
On the other hand, engineered hardwood has a thin layer of hardwood on top of a plywood base. Have a refinisher assess your floor’s thickness before making any decisions.
Engineered floors might not support a full refinish. This is due to their top layer’s thinness. On the other hand, solid floors usually allow for more flexibility in this area.
Current Floor Condition
Severe damage to your floors often requires more than a simple refinish. Deep scratches, warps, or water damage might need repair work first.Â
In some cases, sections of the flooring may need replacement before the actual refinishing process begins.Â
It’s strongly advised to have a professional refinisher evaluate the extent of damage. They can provide clear instructions on the best course of action.Â
Remember, not all damage is visible at first glance. A thorough inspection can reveal issues beneath the surface.
Finish Type
Oil-based finishes have been popular for their durability and rich luster. Water-based finishes offer quicker drying times and less odor, which has also become a top choice for homeowners. Â
Some finishes might only need a top-up rather than a complete strip-down and redo. A refinisher can help you determine this based on your floor’s current state and your desired outcome.
Step-by-Step Guide to Refinishing Hardwood Floors
Preparation
- Clear the room of all furniture and belongings.Â
- Remove all dust, debris, and anything that might interfere with sanding.Â
- Inspect the floor for nails or imperfections. Repair these areas with wood filler to achieve a smooth surface for refinishing.
Sanding the Floor
- Remove old finishes and imperfections with sandpaper until the floor is smooth.
- Use an edge sander for floor corners.Â
(Renting a drum sander or hiring a professional can make this step easier.)
Staining the Wood
- Apply your chosen stain evenly across the wood, section by section, using a clean cloth or brush.Â
Applying the Finish
- Apply the finish in thin, even coats using a fine brush or roller.Â
- Wait for each coat to dry thoroughly before applying the next one. Apply multiple coats as needed for long-lasting protection.
Buffing and Sealing
- Buff the floor with a fine steel wool pad to remove any imperfections. Seal after.
Maintaining Refinished Hardwood Floors
Regular Cleaning
- Sweeping daily with a soft-bristled broom removes dirt and grit that can scratch the surface. Use a dry microfiber mop to attract dust particles for deep cleaning.Â
- Use a slightly damp mop and a cleaner specifically designed for refinished hardwood floors. Dry the floor immediately after mopping.
Damage Prevention
- Place area rugs in high-traffic zones to minimize wear.
- Use furniture pads to prevent scratches by cushioning the legs of chairs, tables, and sofas.Â
- If you can, implement a no-shoe policy or ask your guests to thoroughly wipe their shoes on the rugs before entering.
Touch-up Schedule
- Small areas can be treated without sanding down the entire floor.
- Plan to recoat every 3-5 years, depending on traffic and wear.